IP ADDRESS

What is the IP address?

An IP address is a unique logical address for a node (host) on an ip network. 32 bit binary

number, and represented as 4 decimal values of 8bits each. The decimal values from 0 to 

255.

Example: 10.2.1.2

Binary format: 00001010.00000010.00000001.00000010

IP network is divided based on class of network.

What is private IP address & Public IP address?

Private IP address: Each class the range of address is reserved for using within the

organization privately.

Private IP address or unknown address or unregistered address.

Public IP address: This IP address given by the ISP. Its unique addresses or registered

address or known address.

What are the classes of IP Address and the ranges?

Class      Starting Address      Ending Address

   A        0.0.0.0                   127.255.255.255

   B        128.0.0.0                191.255.255.255

   C        192.0.0.0                223.255.255.255

   D        224.0.0.0                239.255.255.255

   E        240.0.0.0                255.255.255.255

Which IP address is using for Loop back testing?

127.0.0.1 Decimal (127) reserved for loop back testing (internal testing on local machine).

127.0.0.1 Decimal (127) reserved for loop back testing (internal testing on local machine).

Ping 127.0.0.1

C:\Users\K.C.sureshbabu>ping 127.0.0.1

Pinging 127.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128

Ping statistics for 127.0.0.1:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

What is the use of Class D and E?

Class D reserved for Multicast Addressing.

Class E for future Use They should not use for host address.

What is the default subnet mask for IP address classes?

Class  

   A     255.0.0.0

   B     255.255.0.0

   C     255.255.255.0

What is the private IP address range in all the classes? 

Class   Starting Address     Ending Address

   A     10.0.0.0                  10.255.255.255

   B     172.16.0.0               172.31.255.255

   C     192.168.0.0             192.168.255.255

What is use of subnet mask?

Subnet mask is used to find the network portion and the host portion.

If 0‘s are given as a binary it will be identified as the host portion.

If 1’s are given as a binary it will be identified as the network or subnet portion.

What is subnetting & advantages?

It’s the process of dividing a large network in to smaller networks. Subnetting is done in

the host portion

Advantages:

          Network performance is high.

          Wastages of IP address can be reduced.

          Easy to Management

          Processor and Memory usage can be optimized.